Description
Sitagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets are oral antidiabetic combination tablets intended to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The tablets may be immediate-release (IR) or extended-release (XR) depending on the formulation.
Mechanism of Action:
Sitagliptin (DPP-4 Inhibitor)
- Inhibits the DPP-4 enzyme, thereby increasing endogenous levels of incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP).
- Incretins stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β-cells and suppress glucagon secretion from α-cells in a glucose-dependent manner.
- This leads to improved postprandial and fasting glucose control.
Metformin (Biguanide)
- Decreases hepatic glucose production (gluconeogenesis)
- Enhances insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues
- Decreases intestinal glucose absorption
- Does not stimulate insulin secretion; hence, low risk of hypoglycemia
Uses: Sitagliptin and Metformin Tablets are indicated as:
- Adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- May be used as:
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Initial combination therapy
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Add-on therapy when glycemic control is inadequate on sitagliptin or metformin alone
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Part of a combination regimen with other antidiabetic agents (e.g., sulfonylureas, SGLT2 inhibitors, insulin)
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