Description
Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets IP 500 mg are oral antidiabetic tablets belonging to the biguanide class, primarily used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metformin works by lowering glucose production in the liver, reducing intestinal glucose absorption, and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. It is widely considered a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes and is also used in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Metformin helps control blood sugar levels, reduce HbA1c, and support weight management without causing significant hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy. It may be used alone or in combination with other antidiabetic agents such as sulfonylureas, DPP-4 inhibitors, or insulin.
Mechanism of Action:
Metformin acts mainly by:
- Decreasing hepatic glucose production (gluconeogenesis)
- Improving insulin sensitivity in muscles and fat tissues
- Enhancing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization
- Reducing intestinal absorption of glucose
It does not stimulate insulin secretion, which contributes to its low risk of hypoglycemia.
Indications:
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (as monotherapy or in combination)
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) (off-label use)
- Prevention of type 2 diabetes in high-risk individuals
